What is the main reason for pipe freezing in the winter?

The primary reason for pipe freezing during winter months is insufficient insulation or exposure to extreme cold temperatures. When pipes are inadequately insulated, especially those located in unheated areas like basements, crawl spaces, or exterior walls, they become vulnerable to the chilling effects of the cold air. As the temperature around the pipes drops below the freezing point of water, the water inside the pipes can freeze, leading to expansion and potentially causing the pipes to burst.

Insulation serves as a protective barrier, maintaining a more stable internal temperature within the pipes. When pipes are exposed directly to frigid conditions, the risk of freezing significantly increases. Therefore, ensuring that pipes have ample insulation or are shielded from extreme cold is crucial in preventing freezing and subsequent damage to plumbing systems.